Coated metal surfaces



United States Patent 3,323,943 COATED METAL SURFACES Edward J. Bromstead, Wanltegan, iii assignor to Midland industrial Finishes Company, Inc., Waukegan, Iii, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing, Original application Apr. 27, 1962, Ser. No. 190,818. Divided and this application Dec. 19, 1963, Ser. No. 331,902

2 Claims. (Cl. 117-132) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A coated metal article having coating baked on at about 350500 F. Before applicaiton, the coating contains 20- 70% of non-volatiles of which about 10 to 50 parts is an organosol component having a vinyl chloride polymer dispersed in an organic liquid; about 5 to 40 parts is a vinyl chloride copolymer solution resin; about 0.5 to parts is an acrylic resin component; and about 1 to 10 parts of butylated urea-formaldehyde. Optionally, the nonvolatiles of the coating may include up to 10 parts of a vinyl chloride-viuylidene chloride solution resin.

This application is a division of my copending application Ser. No. 190,818, filed Apr. 27, 1962.

This invention relates to coating compositions and metal surfaces coated therewith.

These coating compositions may be easily applied as a liquid and baked on the surfaces of a Wide variety of metals without requiring the prior application of a primer coating composition. The resulting baked-on coating adheres tenaciously to the underlying surface and has good toughness properties.

Further, by controlling the preparation of and constituents in the coating composition (substantially homogeneous), one may prepare a composition that produces a coating with (21) either a high gloss finish or low gloss finish with low or high angular sheen, (b) good color retention, (c) good weatherability, (d) good chemical resistance, and (e) good flexibility. The outstanding flexible and adhesive qualities of the coating permit the coated metal to be fabricated (for example, bent in a brake or by roll-formers) or further treated or shaped for its end use without chipping, peeling or fracturing from the metal surface to expose said surface.

Still further, the liquid coating composition may be stored, prior to its application to metal surfaces, for periods of about six months without any material change in its viscosity, although some increase gradually occurs during this period. However, if the composition is to be stored for longer periods of time, the viscosity may be adjusted by adding solvents and diluents.

My coating compositions are particularly well-suited for coating galvanized ferrous metals such as steel because of its outstanding adhesion properties, although it may also be used to coat aluminum, steel, copper and zinc die castings. The metal need not be first coated with an organic primer, however, the metal should be first treated in the customary manner with a conversion coating. Galvanized steel and Bonderite 900, respectively, both "ice of which are products of Parker Rust Proof Co. may be effectively treated, for example, with Bonderite 37. Bonderite 37 forms a crystalline zinc phosphate coating on galvanized steel and is described in US. Patent 2,83 5,- 617. US. Patent 2,609,308 describes the application of Bonderite 900 to steel. If my coating composition is to be applied to aluminum, the aluminum may be treated with Alodine 12008, a product of Amchem Products, Inc. that is described in U.S. Patent 2,988,465.

The liquid coating compositions embraced by my invention may be applied to metal surfaces by the usual rollcoating machines, or they may be applied by brushing, spraying or dipping operations. After the liquid coating composition is applied to the metal surfaces, the coated metal should be baked for approximately 1-4 minutes at about 350-450 F. I have found that excellent results are obtained when the coated metal is baked for 1 /2 minutes at 400 F.

It is indeed remarkable that a substantially homogeneous liquid coating could be prepared having a combination of such outstanding characteristics.

The liquid coating compositions (as applied to the surfaces to be coated) embraced by this invention should contain the following components:

(a) An organosol dispersiou. resin component;

(b) A solvent or diluent;

(c) A plasticizer;

(d) A stabilizer;

(e) A vinyl chloride copolymer solution resin component;

(f) A vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride solution resin component;

(g) An acrylic resin component comprising a non-air drying acrylic casting type resin syrup and/or an air-dry or bake (thermoplastic or thermosetting) solution type acrylic resin;

(h) A urea-formaldehyde solution grade resin component; and

(i) A pigment.

If desired, the pigment may be omitted. The stabilizer and/or vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride components may likewise be omitted; however, superior results are obtained when they are present in the coating composition.

Components (e)(h), above, are considered as being organosol resin modifiers.

The term organosol herein refers to compositions that contain vinyl chloride polymer and volatile dispersing liquid and/or diluent.

The plasticizer, modifying resins, diluent and solvent may be separately incorporated into the liquid coating composition or added thereto as part of the organosol component.

The organosol dispersion component is a dispersion of a vinyl chloride resin, such as polyvinyl chloride and/or polyvinyl chloride-diethyl maleate copolymer resin. It contains, in addition to the resin, a diluent and/0r dispersant. The vinyl resin should contain more than about, by Weight, preferably at least about by weight, of polymerized vinyl chloride. Particularly good results are obtained with a vinyl chloride resin having an average molecular weight from about 18,000-20,000 to higher values.

03 C) A stabilizing agent that inhibits thermal and ultraviolet decomposition is used in conjunction with the vinyl chloride resn. In addition, if desired, a suitable plasticizer may be present in or added to the organosol resin com-.

properties: consistencypowder, colorwhite, specific gravity-about 1.40, specific viscosity (solution of 0.40 gm. of polymer in 100 ml. of cyclohexanone at 25 C.) 053-055, particle sizel2 microns, dry bulk density about 0.25-0.35 gm./cc., loss in weight on heatingabout 0.5% max, ashabout 0.5% max.; Geon 121, a product of B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company, a stir-in type high molecular weight polyvinyl chloride resin in the form of a fine white powder, has a specific gravity of about 1.4, a bulk density of about 20-25 lbs./ft. and has a specific viscosity of about 0.570.63; Exon 654, a product of Firestone Plastics Company, a high molecular weight dispersion type polyvinyl chloride (white powder) product having a specific gravity of about 1.4 and average relative viscosity of about 2.65; and Pliovic A0, a product of Goodyear Chemical Division, is a vinyl chloride dispersion resin or copolymer containing about 95% by weight vinyl chloride and some other modifying monomer such as diethyl maleate units (similar products are shown in Hair Patent 2,492,086), has an average particle size of 1-2 microns, an intrinsic viscosity of 0.85, a specific gravity.

of 1.39, and a bulk density (packed) of 21.5 lbs./ft.

My preferred vinyl chloride dispersion resin is Bakelite QYNV.

The organosol component contains a diluent and/or dispersant such as exemplified by aliphatic hydrocarbons such as V.M. and P. naphtha, aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., Penola 150, toluol and xylol), esters (e.g., butyl acetate, amyl acetate), ketones (e.g., diacetone alcohol,

The organosol component also includes or is used in conjunction with a plasticizer. The plasticizer, for example, may be a phthalate ester, an ester of a straight chain dibasic acid, a phosphate ester, or a polyester. More specifically, the plasticizer may be a member of the group comprising dioctyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, n-octyl n-decyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate, diisoadipate, dibutyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, n-octyl n-decyl adipate, tricresyl phosphate, cresyl phenyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl sebacate, an epoxidized oil such as Paraplex G-62, and a lower alkylene glycol (e.g., propylene glycol) polyester of azelaic acid having an average molecular weight of 4,0006,000, an acid number of 5 and a hydroxy value of 20. Paraplex G-62 is a product of Rohm & HaasCompany and has a molecular Weight The organosol component includes or is used in con-.

junction with a stabilizer that inhibits thermal and ultraviolet decomposition. Liquid epoxy resins may be used wherein the viscosity is about 500 cps-20,000 cps. and

the epoxide equivalent is about 375. An epoxy resin may be used such as Bakelite ERL-2774, a product of Union Carbide Plastics Company. Bakelite ERL-2774 is a low molecular weight epoxy resin in the form of a viscous liquid and has a specific gravity of about 1.15- 1.17, a color (Gardner 1933 Standard) of 10 (max), an epoxide equivalent of about -200, and is soluble (clear to light haze) in aromatics, ketones, and alcohols, but settles out in aliphatics. Nuostabe 953, a tin-organic liquid product of Nuodex Product, a division of Heyden Newport Chemical Corp., may also be used.

The vinyl chloride copolymer solution grade resin component contains a predominance of vinyl chloride (e.g., above about 60%) and has, for example, an average molecular weight of about 5,000-16,000. For purposes of the invention, commercially available products such as follows may be used: Bakelite VMCH, Exon 470,

Geon 400-X-110, Bakelite VYHH, Bakelite VMCC, and Bakelite VAGH. Bakelite VMCH is preferred.

These vinyl chloride copolymer solution grade resins may be more specifically identified as follows: Bakelite VMCH, a product of Union Carbide Plastics Company is a white, powdered solid containing a solvent polymerized vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer (since the product contains a predominance of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, it may be considered as being a copolymer despite its inclusion of some small amount of maleic acid) with a chemical composition of about 85.0 to 88.0% by weight of vinyl chloride, about 11.0 to 14.0% by weight vinyl acetate, about 0.8 to 1.2% by weight maleic acid, and having a specific viscosity from about 0.536 to 0.567 as measured by 1.0 gm. resin per 100 ml. of solution in methyl isobutyl ketone at 25 C.; Exon 470, a product of Firestone Plastics Company, is a vinyl chlorideonehalf lower alkyl ester of maleic acid copolymer such as vinyl chloride and one-half dibutyl maleate ester type copoylmer (granular powder)as disclosed in Rowland et al. Patent 2,731,449, reissued as Reissue Patent 24,206, and has a specific gravity of about 1.31, a bulk density (dry) of about 0.8 gm./cc., a bulk density (solution) of about 0.091 gal./lb., and a relative viscosity (1% in cyclohexanone) of about 1.35; Geon 400-X-110, a product of B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company, is a vinyl chloridevinyl acetate copolymer having about 91%:2% vinyl chloride, about 6% i2% vinyl acetate and about 3%:2% maleic acid; Geon 400X110, a white powder, has been reported to have a specific viscosity (at 20 C.) of 0.24, a tensile strength of (2 mil film) 6500, and 22-26% maximum working solvents; Bakelite VYHH, a product of Union Carbide Plastics Company, contains about 87% by weight vinyl chloride and about 13% by weight vinyl acetate, and has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.50-0.55 measured in cyclohexanone at 20 C.; Bakelite VMCC, a product of Union Carbide Plastics Company, is a copolymer that is in the form of a dry white powder comprising about 84% vinyl chloride, about 15% vinyl acetate and about 0.8% interpolymerized maleic acid; and Bakelite VAGH, a product of the Union Carbide Plastics Company, contains about 91% by weight vinyl chloride and about 3% by weight vinyl acetate and about 6% by weight vinyl alcohol in the polymer which is produced by back-hydrolyzing some of the vinyl acetate, and has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.57 measured in cyclohexanone at 20 C.

I prefer to use the vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate solution resin (i.e., Bakelite VMCH and Bakelite VMCC) instead of the vinyl chloride-maleate solution resin.

The vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride solution resin component may be omitted from the liquid coating composition, but I much prefer that it be present because it adds moisture resistance or moisture impermeability properties to the baked-on coating. This component may consist of products such as Geon 222. Geon 222, a product of B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company, is a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride in proportions of about 26-44.5% by weight vinylidene chloride, has a chlorine content of about 61-64% by weight, and has a specific viscosity of about 0.15-0.30 determined at 20 C. in 0.4% solution of nitrobenzene.

The acrylic resin syrup may be used irrespective of whether the coating is to have either high gloss or low gloss with low or high angular sheen. The acrylic syrup enhances the adhesion of the coating to metal and, most important, it contributes significantly to the flexibility and exterior durability of the baked-on coating. However, an inferior, but usable high or low gloss coating composition having reduced flexibility may be repared by replacing all or some of the acrylic syrup with an air-dry or bake acrylic resin solution.

The syrup should be of the type disclosed in Belgian Patent 572,359, filed by E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, based on an application filed in the U.S. on

Nov. 5, 1957. For example, Lucite 204-X Acrylic Syrup, which is sold by Du Pont, may be used, and is described in the Belgian patent. Lucite 204-X has a viscosity of :1 poises and a color, as measured as an APHA No., of not over about 15, a specific gravity as shipped of 1.02, a specific gravity when completely polymerized of 1.18, and the refractive index of the cured or polymerized resin is 1.49. The activity of Lucite 204-X was measured on the Sunshine Gel Meter at 60 C. with 2% benzoyl peroxide dry powder as the catalyst, and was found to have about 35 minutes gel time.

The acrylic syrup should contain at least about by weight of polymeric methyl methacrylate in methyl methacrylate monomer. The polymeric methyl methacrylate should have an intrinsic viscosity, at 0.5 gram per deciliter, of about 0.25-l.0, measured in liquid chloroform. The syrup should have a viscosity between about 0.5-50 poises at C. and contain less than 20 ppm. of a polymerization initiator.

The syrup can be prepared by one of several suitable processes, for example, by partially polymerizing methyl methacrylate monomer by a process that produces the required polymer. Alternatively, a desired amount of methyl methacrylate polymervof the required intrinsic viscosity may be disolved in methyl methacrylate monomer.

In the former process, the syrup may be prepared by heating methyl methacrylate ester, free of polymerization inhibitor but containing a small quantity of polymerization initiator, in the presence of a chain transfer agent until the solution reaches a predetermined viscosity. The polymerization may be stopped by adding cold methyl methacrylate monomer containing a polymerization inhibitor such as hydroquinone. For example, a syrup having a viscosity of between about 1-50 poises may be produced with methyl methacrylate monomer, a small predetermined amount of initiator, and about 0.05-1.0 mole percent of a chain transfer agent. This reaction mixture should be heated to a temperature of about 50-150 C. until the desired viscosity is reached and the initiator content is below 20 parts per million. Polymerization is then stopped by cooling the reaction mixture, for example, by adding 1-10 '6 parts by weight of cold methyl methacrylate containing suflicient hydroquinone to inhibit completely the polymerization.

An air-dry or bake solution type acrylic resin may be used with or without the acrylic syrup. The acrylic solution type resin is primarily used to produce a coating with high gloss, although it also enhances, to some degree, the exterior durability and adhesion properties of the bakedon coating. 1

For example, the solution type acrylic resin includes resins such as polymers and/or copolymers of methyl, ethyl, n-butyl and isobutyl methacrylate or acrylate. Acryloid B-44, Acryloid A-Zl, and Acryloid B-72 may be used; however, I prefer to use Acryloid B-72.

These particular products are polymers of esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids which contain nitrogenous heterocyclic rings rendering the polymers susceptible to condensation reactions. Acryloid B-44 and A-21 are described in U.S. Patent 2,881,155. Acryloid B-72 is an alkyl acrylate-alkyl methacrylate copolymer wherein the alkyl suhstitnents have not more than three carbon atoms. Acryloid 13-44, a product of Rohm & Haas Company, contains about 40% resin and a toluol solvent, and has a specific gravity of 0.97, a density of 8.1 lbs./gal., a viscosity of 600-1100 centipoises at 30 C., a color of T-W (Gardner-Holdt scale), and a flash point of 39 F. (closed cup, Tag). Acryl-oid B-72, a product of Rohm & Haas Company, contains about 40% resin and a toluol solvent, and has a specific gravity of 0.97, a viscosity at 30 C. of 480-640, a color of R-U (Gardner-Holdt), and a flash point of 39 F. (closed cup, Tag).

The urea-formaldehyde solution grade resin component gives my liquid coating composition good adhesion properties when it is applied to galvanized steel. Commercially available urea-formaldehyde products such as P-138-60 Beckamine Solution or Uformite F-240 are compatible with the volatile materials in my liquid coating composition, although I prefer to use admixtures of these products. 'P-138-60 Beckamine Solution, a product of The Reichhold Chemicals, Inc., is a butylated ureaformaldehyde resin having about 38-43% volatile materials (i.e., xylol-butanol), a viscosity (Gardner-Holdt) of R-T, and an acid number of 2-5. Uformite F-240,

a product of Rohm & Haas Company, is a butylated urea-' formaldehyde resin having about 38-42% volatile materials (i.e., 1 xylol:l.5 butanol), a viscosity (Gardner- Holdt) of L-Q, and an acid number of 3-8.

When Uformite F-240 and P-138-60 Beckamine are both present in my coating composition, the Uformite F-240 imparts storage stability to P-138-60 Beckamine and enables the composition to provide a more uniform or homogeneous film, whereas the P-138-60 Beckamine gives the film improved hardness.

The pigment selected for use in the liquid coating composition should be non-reactive. Since basic pigments induce gelation, neutral pigments should be used, such as titanium dioxide (rut-ile or non-chalking rutile), cadmium yellow, phthalocyanine blue and green, cadmium red, quinacridone red, carbon black, synthetic pure iron oxides and flaked aluminum pigments.

When one wishes to produce a coating having a low gloss, fiatting agents such as fine-particle-size silica may be incorporated into the liquid coating composition.

Silica products such as Santocel 54 and Syloid 162 may be used as fiatting agents.

Santocel 54, a product of Monsanto Chemical Company, is a light, flulfy, white silica aerogel having 94% dead air. It is composed of sub-ultramicroscopic fibers of silica having a diameter of about 25-35 angstroms spaced about 300 angstroms apart. It has an average particle size of 0.5-3.0 microns, an absolute density of 17.1 lbs./gal., an oil absorption value of 2.5 gm. oil/ gm. (ASTM) and an index of refraction of 1.464.

Syloid 162, a product of The Davison Chemical Corporation, is a synthetic silica flatting agent. This product is a uniform free-flowing powder having an average radius of 4.5-6.5 microns, a dry bulk density (compacted) of 23 lbs./ft. a bulking value of 0.0606 solid gal./lb., and an oil absorption value of 145.

The liquid coating composition should have about 20- 70% by weight non-volatile material, preferably about 35-70% by weight non-volatile material.

Table I illustrates various proportions that may be used to prepare either a satisfactory fiat or high gloss liquid coating composition.

TABLE I Liquid flat, satin or high gloss liquid composition Percent by weight based on Weight of non-volatile materials Non-volatile constituents:

Acrylic resin component 0.5-10 Solution resins- Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer and/or vinyl chloride-one-half lower Percent by weight based on weight of volatile materials Volatile constituents:

Diluent -60 Solvent 40-100 i In order to produce a coating composition having a fiat finish and high angular sheen, the solvent(s) and dil'uent(s) are first mixed and the vinyl chloride copolymer solution resin dissolved. therein. The vinyl chloridevinylidene chloride resin is. then added and dissolved in the solution. 'Ilhe urea-formaldehyde resin(s), plasticizer(s), stabilizer(s), pigment(s), modifying resin(s) and flatting paste are then added. (The flatting paste comprises a flatting agent that has been previously dispersed in solvent and one of the modifying resins, and may be prepared by treating these constituents in a pebble mill for about 6-8 hours.) The vinyl chloride dispersion resin is added last and the mixture stirred until a homogeneous mixture is obtained. The mixture may then be processed through a high-speed sand mill (such as disclosed in US. Patent.2,581,414) to a Hegman fineness of about 6. The vinyl dispersion resin may be omitted from the grind portion of the formula and incorporated afterward under agitation.

If a low angular sheen, flat finish is desired, the flatting paste is omitted from the charge that is treated in the mill, and is later added to the material that is obtained from the high-speed sand mill.

A high gloss coating composition may be prepared by omitting the flatting agent and replacing it with the acrylic solution resin.

A high gloss coating composition is made by mixing 7 the solvent(s) and diluent(s), adding and dissolving the vinyl chloride copolymer solution resin therein, and adding and dissolving therein the vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride resin. The urea-formaldehyde resin(s), plasticizer(s), stabilizer(s), acrylic syrup resin, air-dry or baketype acrylic solution resin, pigment(s), and vinyl chloride dispersion resin may then be added and mixed therewith in a high-speed sand mill until a homogenous mixture and Hegman fineness of about 6.5-7 is obtained. This may require two passes through the sand mill, instead of one as required for the material that produces a flat finish.

Examples I-IV, which follow, illustrate various liquid coating compositions that were prepared in accordance with my invention. Examples I-IV contain volatile materials within the range of 36-46% by weight based upon the total weight. The amount of volatile materials present in these compositions, however, may be increased, depending upon the method by which it is to be applied to the metal.

EXAMPLE I Parts by Parts by Percent by Percent by Parts by Weight, Weight, Weight Weight Constituents Weight Non-Volatile Volatile Based on Based on Material Material N on-Volatile Volatile Materials Materials Dispersion Resin: Bakelite QYNV 211 211 Solution Resin: Bakelite VMCO 83 83 Urea-Formaldehyde:

Beckamine P-l38 13 7. 8 5. 2 1.0 1. 1 Uiormite F-240 13 7.8 5. 2 1.0 1. 1 Acrylic Resin: Acryloid 15-72 or Acryloid B-44 2O 30 2. 6 6. 3 Stabilizer:

Bakelite ERL 2774 Nuostabe 953 Plasticizer:

Emery 3049-D Diisodecyl phthalate...

Flatting Agent: Syloid 162 Pigment: Non-chalking Rutile TiO,

Solvent: Isophorone- Diluent: Penola 150" Drying Schedulesec. with heat at 500 F.

Gloss (Gardner 60)25-30% EXAMPLE II Parts by Parts by Percent by Percent by Parts by Weight, Weight, Weight Weight Constituents Weight Non-Volatile Volatile Brsed 011 Based on Material Material Non-Volatile Volatile Materials Materials Dispersion Resin: Bakelite QYNV 180 180 26.1 Solution Resin: Bakelite VMCC 64.6 64. 6 9.4 Urea-Formaldehyde:

Beckamine P-138.-- 11 6.6 4. 4 1 .9 Uformite F240 11 6. 6 4. 4 1 9 Acrylic Resin: Acryloid B-72 or Acry- 44 17 27.0 2 5 9 Stabilizer:

Bakelite ERL 2774 6. 5 6. 5 9 Nuostabe 953 1 0. 9 O 1 1 02 Plasticizer:

Emery 3049-D 11 Diisodecyl phthalate 55 Flatting Agent: Syloid 162 53. 5 Pigment: Rutile, TiOg 288 Solvent: Isophorone 31.1 Solvent-Diluent: Butyl 31. 1 Diluent: Penola 150 353.7

Drying Schedule60 see. with heat at 500 F. Gloss (Gardner 60)-67%. Hardness (Penetration by Pencil at 45)2H.

EXAMPLE III Parts by Parts by Percent by Percent by Constituents Parts by Weight, Weight, Weight Weight Weight Non-Volatile Volatile B sed on Based on Material Material N on-Volatile Volatile Materials Materials Dispersion Resin: Bakelite QYNV 101 101 15.3 Solution Resin: Bakelite VMCC- 118 118 17. 9 Urea-Formaldehyde:

Beckainine P-138 6 4 9 7 Uiormite F-240 10 6 4 9 7 Acrylic Resin: Acryloid B-72 or Acryloid B-44 Stabilizer: Bakelite ERL 2774 Plasticizer:

Emery 3049-D Diisodecyl phthalate. Pigment: Rutile, Ti0g- Solvent:

Isophorone 2-Nitropropane Solvent-Diluent: Butyl Carbit Diluent: Penola 150 Diluent-Cosolvent: n-Butanol Drying Schedule60 see. with heat at 480 F. Gloss (Gardner 60)-8090%. Hardness (Penetration by Pencil at )F-2H.

EXAMPLE IV Parts by Parts by Percent by Percent by Constituents Parts by Weight, Weight, Weight Weight Weight Non-Volatile Volatile Based on B sed on Material Material N on-Volatile Volatile Materials Materials Dispersion Resin: Bakelite QYVN 100 100 14 9 Solution Resin: Bakelite VMCC. 118 118 17. 6 Urea-Formaldehyde:

Beckamine P-138 l0 6 4 8 7 Uformite F-240 10 6 4 8 7 Acrylic Resin: Acryloid 13-72 or Acryloid B-44 20 3O 2. 9 5. 8 Stabilizer: Bakelite ERL 2774 Plasticizer:

Emery 3049-D Diisodecyl phthalate,

Flatting Agent: Syloid 162.- Pigment: Rutile, TiO Solvent:

Isophorone 2-Nitropropane. Solvent-Diluent: Butyl Carbito Diluent: Penola 150 Diluent-Cosolvent: n-Butanol Drying Schedule-6O see. with heat at 480 F. Gloss (Gardner )60%=i:3%. Hardness (Penetration by Pencil at 45)2H.

' 1 l "The foregoing detailed description has been given for clearness of understanding only, and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom, as modifications will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

I claim: a 1. A metal article having a surface provided with baked-on adherent coating, which comprises: a metal article having an adherent baked-on 'coating; said bakedon coating being produced by baking on the article a liquid, substantially homogeneous compatible coating 10 composition containing an organosol component having a vinyl chloride polymer dispersed in an organic liquid vehicle, a vinyl chloride copolymer solution resin that is a member of the group consisting of vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride-one-half lower alkyl ester of 15 maleic acid, an acrylic resin component from the group consisting of polymeric methyl methacrylate in methyl methacrylate monomer, acrylic solution resins which are polymers and/or copolymers of lower alkyl math-acrylates or acrylates, and admixtures thereof, butylated urea- 20 formaldehyde, and volatile liquid from the group consisting of organic solvent, organic diluent, and admixtures thereof; said liquid composition having about 2070%bv weight nonvolatiles containing about 10-50 I parts- :byweight organosol component, about 5.40 parts by weight" vinyl chloride copolymer solution resin, and about 0.5- 10 parts by weight acrylic resin component, and about 1-10 parts by weight of butylated urea-formaldehyde resin; and said liquid composition being capable of being chloride-vinylidene chloride solution resin that is present therein in an amount not exceeding about 10 parts by weight.

No references cited.

ALFRED L. LEAVITT, Primary Examiner.

RALPH S. KENDALL, Assistant Examiner. 

1. A METAL ARTICLE HAVING A SURFACE PROVIDED WITH A BAKED-ON ADHERENT COATING, WHICH COMPRISES: A METAL ARTICLE HAVING AN ADHERENT BAKED-ON COATING; SAID BAKEDON COATING BEING PRODUCED BY BAKING ON THE ARTICLE A LIQUID, SUBSTANTIALLY HOMOGENEOUS COMPATIBLE COATING COMPOSITION CONTAINING AN ORGANOSOL COMPONENT HAVING A VINYL CHLORIDE POLYMER DISPERSED IN AN ORGANIC LIQUID VEHICLE, A VINYL CHLORIDE COPOLYMER SOLUTION RESIN THAT IS A MEMBER OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF VINYL CHLORIDE-VINYL ACETATE AND VINYL CHLORIDE-ONE-HALF LOWER ALKYL ESTER OF MALEIC ACID, AN ACRYLIC RESIN COMPONENT FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF POLYMERIC METHYL METHACRYLATE IN METHYL METHACRYLATE MONOMER, ACRYLIC SOLUTION RESINS WHICH ARE POLYMERS AND/OR COPOLYMERS OF LOWER ALKYL METHACRYLATES OR ACRYLATES, AND ADMIXTURES THEREOF, BUTYLATED UREAFORMALDEHYDE, AND VOLATILE LIQUID FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ORGANIC SOLVENT, ORGANIC DILUENT, AND ADMIXTURES THEREOF; SAID LIQUID COMPOSITION HAVING ABOUT 20-70% BY WEIGHT NONVOLATILES CONTAINING ABOUT 10-50 PARTS BY WEIGHT ORGANOSOL COMPONENT, ABOUT 5-40 PARTS BY WEIGHT VINYL CHLORIDE COPOLYMER SOLUTION RESIN, AND ABOUT 0.510 PARTS BY WEIGHT ACRYLIC RESIN COMPONENT, AND ABOUT 1-10 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF BUTYLATED UREA-FORMALDEHYDE RESIN; AND SAID LIQUID COMPOSITION BEING CAPABLE OF BEING FILMED AS A COMPATIBLE, SUBSTANTIALLY HOMOGENEOUS COMPOSITION ONTO THE METAL SURFACE OF THE ARTICLE AND OF BEING BAKED THEREON AT A TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 350-500*F. TO FORM A CURED ADHERENT COATING. 